The Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) is a dark brown bird with white below, a white head with a characteristic black eye stripe. Females have dark spots at the upper breast area. These are large birds at 22 to 25 inches in length with a four and one half to six foot wingspan. The females are larger than the males.

Ospreys can be found on every continent except Antarctica. They prefer to nest near water in large trees, power poles and other manmade structures and also on cliffs. The nests are bulky affairs made from sticks. There are three to four eggs. Incubation takes about 30 to 40 days. Both parents tend the nest. The young fledge in about 50 days.

Ospreys will plunge into water feet first in an attempt to capture their favorite food, fish. Osprey feet are specially adapted for fishing with a reversible front toe and spicules used for grasping slippery prey. They can close their nostrils during underwater dives for fish. They hunt in both fresh and salt water. They will also feed on frogs and turtles.

According to the Raptor Center, ospreys are difficult to raise in captivity. They have a long lifespan, studies showing some living to 25 years.

The Osprey is a very unique raptor, being the sole member of the Family Pandionidae. It is not considered an endangered species but was affected by the use of the pesticide DDT, as was the Bald Eagle and the Peregrine Falcon. Major threats are loss of habitat and pollution.

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Order: Falconiformes | Family: Pandionidae | Species: Pandion haliaetus